Research Journal for Societal Issues

Green Human Resource Management Practices and the Digital World

Tue, 25 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the impact of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices on environmental performance in the Information Technology (IT) sector of Karachi, Pakistan. It specifically explores how green competence-building practices, green motivation-enhancing practices, and green employee involvement practices contribute to achieving sustainability goals.
A quantitative research design was employed using a cross-sectional survey approach. Data were collected from 398 IT professionals working in Karachi through a structured questionnaire based on a 5-point Likert scale. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) via Smart PLS 4. The results reveal that green competence-building practices and green motivation-enhancing practices have a statistically significant positive impact on environmental performance. However, green employee involvement practices did not demonstrate a significant direct effect. The findings suggest that investing in skill development and motivational strategies is more impactful in driving sustainable outcomes than involvement strategies in the local context. The study highlights the importance for IT firms in Karachi to implement structured green training and motivational reward systems to enhance environmental performance. It also suggests the need for organizational cultural change to make employee involvement more effective in sustainability efforts. This research contributes to the limited literature on GHRM practices in the context of developing countries, particularly within the rapidly evolving IT sector of Karachi. It addresses a critical research gap by examining specific GHRM dimensions and their differential effects on environmental outcomes.

Why Employees Plan to Leave: The Role of Psychological Safety and Leadership Behavior in Shaping Turnover Intention in Pakistan

Batool Naz — Tue, 25 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The present study investigates the prediction of post-pandemic employees’ turnover intention in Pakistan by two psychosocial workplace factors: psychological safety and leadership behavior. There has been an increasing number of quit intentions in Pakistan’s labor market even when alternative employment with strong job security is not available, indicating that the quitting decision is no longer only pay- or promotion-driven but increasingly climate- and treatment-driven. Based on the Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) model, this paper conceptualizes psychological safety and leadership behavior as critical job resources that can buffer pressure and reduce perceived need to leave among employees. Psychological safety is understood to be an employee’s belief that he/she can raise concerns, admit mistakes, ask for support without fear of punishment or humiliation, while leadership behavior reflects fairness, respect, clarity support provided by supervisors. The study adopted a quantitative, cross-sectional survey design. Data were collected from full-time employees working within high-turnover sectors in Pakistan, including pharmaceutical, IT, and education services. SmartPLS 4 was used to test the structural model. Both psychological safety and leadership behavior have a negative, statistically significant relationship with turnover intention: when speaking feels safe and leadership is seen as respectful and protective, the urge to resign declines. The model explains 42% of the variance in turnover intention. These two psychosocial factors alone meaningfully account for nearly half of the decision to consider leaving. These findings position retention as a psychosocial and relational issue, not only a transactional or financial one. It further argued that in high power-distance cultures such as Pakistan, protecting dignity, voice, and fairness is central to talent stability. The study offers direct implications for leadership development, voice culture, and HR policy in Pakistan and similar developing economies.

Examining the Influence of Actual and Ideal Self-Congruity on Repurchase Intention: The Mediating Role of Consumer Awareness

Phool Hussain — Tue, 25 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This paper examines how actual and ideal self-congruency influences the repurchase intentions of consumers with the moderating impact of consumer awareness. Using self-congruity theory, the study holds that the compatibility between the self image and brand image of the consumers will help improve their cognitive and emotional assessments, eventually boosting their intentions to repurchase. It employed a quantitative research design and analyzed data with the structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings show that actual and ideal self- congruency could be important factors contributing to repurchase intention. These relationships are mediated by consumer awareness to some extent. The results can be used in branding literature since they describe how self-image correspondence and awareness determine consumer loyalty. Managerial suggestions are offered to marketers on how to improve the repurchase behavior by positioning the strategic brand image and creating awareness.

Religious Conflict in Malaysia: A Quantitative Analysis of Factors Influencing Inter-Religious Tensions

Muhammad Ali Noman Siddiqui — Tue, 25 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Malaysia has always been proudly and solidly resilient at heart, with a unique feature of multicultural and multireligious identities, Malay Muslim, Chinese Buddhist, Indian Hindu, alongside Christian, Sikh, and Indigenous populations, also significantly noteworthily compose the country. The constitution explicitly guarantees religious freedom, but the management of such a situation in religious pluralism often creates subterranean tensions. Strong legislation does exist to keep harmony; however, society does get perturbed due to such interacting axes of religion, ethnicity, and politics - some of those dimensions are inadequately understood or addressed unambiguously.

Pakistan Role in Climate Sustainably and Its Challenges

Nisar Ahmed Chandio — Tue, 25 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Pakistan is one of the most climate-vulnerable countries in the world. Despite contributing minimally to global greenhouse gas emissions, the country faces severe impacts from climate change, including extreme flooding, glacial melt, heatwaves, and agricultural stress. This article explores Pakistan’s role in climate sustainability, examining both its domestic initiatives (mitigation and adaptation) and the key challenges it faces. Drawing on policy analysis, empirical research, and recent climate events, the study highlights how institutional capacity, finance constraints, governance fragmentation, and socio-economic inequality hinder Pakistan's sustainability ambitions. The paper concludes with strategic recommendations to scale up climate resilience, enhance green finance mechanisms, and engage communities more deeply in climate action.